In limited circumstances, I may use generative artificial intelligence tools to assist with discrete tasks such as formatting, proofreading, organizational suggestions, and stylistic refinement. I do not use AI to determine outcomes, evaluate evidence, assess credibility, conduct independent factual research, or draft awards in whole. All factual findings, legal analysis, and final decisions are made independently and personally after full review of the record.

I do not input confidential party names, pleadings, exhibits, or case-specific facts into public AI systems, and I comply with all applicable arbitration rules and confidentiality obligations. I retain full responsibility for the content of my awards.